Lookup & Reference
All versions
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Volatile
=INDIRECT()
Returns the reference specified by a text string. References are immediately evaluated to display their contents. Use INDIRECT when you want to change the reference to a cell within a formula without changing the formula itself.
Applies To:
Excel for Microsoft 365Excel for Microsoft 365 for MacExcel 2024Excel 2024 for MacExcel 2021Excel 2021 for MacExcel 2019Excel 2016
=INDIRECT(ref_text, [a1])
Hover argument names in the table for details.
Output typeReference
Popularity55 / 100
VolatileYes
Dynamic ArrayNo
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◧ Arguments
| Argument | Type | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
ref_text |
Text | Required | A reference to a cell that contains an A1-style reference, an R1C1-style reference, a name defined as a reference, or a reference to a cell as a text string. If ref_text is not a valid cell reference, INDIRECT returns the #REF! error value. If ref_text refers to another workbook (an external reference), the other workbook must be open. If the source workbook is not open, INDIRECT returns the #REF! error value. Note External references are not supported in Excel Web App. If ref_text refers to a cell range outside the row limit of 1,048,576 or the column limit of 16,384 (XFD), INDIRECT returns a #REF! error. |
a1 |
Logical | Optional | A logical value that specifies what type of reference is contained in the cell ref_text. If a1 is TRUE or omitted, ref_text is interpreted as an A1-style reference. If a1 is FALSE, ref_text is interpreted as an R1C1-style reference. |
▣ Examples
مقدار ارجاع داخل سلول A2 که به سلول B2 با مقدار ۱٫۳۳۳ اشاره میکند
=INDIRECT(A2)
مقدار ارجاع داخل سلول A3 که به سلول B3 با مقدار ۴۵ اشاره میکند
=INDIRECT(A3)
چون سلول B4 نام تعریفشده "George" دارد، ارجاع به آن نام مقدار ۱۰ داخل B4 را برمیگرداند
=INDIRECT(A4)
ترکیب "B" با مقدار داخل A5 که ۵ است و در نتیجه اشاره به سلول B5 با مقدار ۶۲
=INDIRECT("B"&A5)
⚠ Common Errors
#REF!
If ref_text is not a valid cell reference, INDIRECT returns the #REF! error value. If the source workbook is not open, INDIRECT returns the #REF! error value. If ref_text refers to a cell range outside the row limit of 1,048,576 or the column limit of 16,384 (XFD), INDIRECT returns a #REF! error.
Fix: Check the sheet name and the constructed address
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